Generic Name: Nedocromil eent
Class: Antiallergic Agents
Chemical Name: 9-Ethyl-6,9-dihydro-4,6-dioxo-10-propyl-4H-pyrano[3,2-g]quinoline-2,8-dicarboxylic acid
Molecular Formula: C19H17NO7
CAS Number: 69409-73-6
Introduction
Mast-cell stabilizer.1 3 5
Uses for Alocril
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Symptomatic treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.1 3
Alocril Dosage and Administration
Administration
Ophthalmic Administration
Apply topically to the eye as an ophthalmic solution.1 3 Administer at regular intervals.1
If more than 1 topical ophthalmic drug is used, administer the drugs at least 10–15 minutes apart.a
Avoid contamination of the solution container.2
Continue therapy throughout period of exposure (i.e., until pollen season is over or until exposure to offending allergen is terminated), even in absence of symptoms.1 2 3
Dosage
Available as nedocromil sodium; dosage expressed in terms of the salt.1
Pediatric Patients
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmic
Children ≥3 years of age: 1 or 2 drops of a 2% solution in each eye twice daily.1 3
Adults
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmic
1 or 2 drops of a 2% solution in each eye twice daily.1 3
Cautions for Alocril
Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to nedocromil or any ingredient in the formulation.1 3
Warnings/Precautions
General Precautions
Administration
For topical ophthalmic use only.1 3
Specific Populations
Pregnancy
Category B.1
Lactation
Distributed into milk in rats following IV administration; not known whether distributed into human milk.1 3 Use with caution.1 3
Pediatric Use
Safety and efficacy not established in children <3 years of age.1 3
Geriatric Use
No substantial differences in safety and efficacy relative to younger adults.1 3
Common Adverse Effects
Headache,1 8 ocular discomfort (i.e., burning,1 3 4 6 8 irritation,1 3 6 stinging1 3 4 6 8 ), unpleasant taste,1 3 4 6 nasal congestion.1 3
Interactions for Alocril
No formal drug interaction studies to date.3
Alocril Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Bioavailability
Minimally absorbed (<4%) following topical application to the eye.1
Onset
Rapid onset (within minutes).3 8
Elimination
Metabolism
Not metabolized.1
Elimination Route
Excreted principally unchanged in urine (70%) and feces (30%).1
Stability
Storage
Ophthalmic
Solution
Tightly closed bottle at 2–25°C.1
ActionsActions
Suppresses release of mediators (e.g., histamine) from cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions (including mast cells).1 3 4
Decreases chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils.1 3 4
Inhibits release of secondary inflammatory mediators from activated inflammatory cells (e.g., eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes).1 3 4
Advice to Patients
Importance of learning and adhering to proper administration techniques to avoid contamination of the solution container.1
Importance of not wearing contact lenses in the presence of signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.1 If contact lenses must be worn, delay insertion of soft contact lenses after instillation, since benzalkonium chloride preservative may be absorbed by some soft contact lenses.3
Importance of administering different topical ophthalmic preparations at least 10–15 minutes apart.a
Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.1
Importance of informing clinicians of existing or contemplated therapy, including prescription and OTC drugs, as well as any concomitant illnesses.
Importance of informing patients of other important precautionary information. (See Cautions.)
Preparations
Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.
Routes | Dosage Forms | Strengths | Brand Names | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ophthalmic | Solution | 2% | Alocril (with benzalkonium chloride) | Allergan |
Comparative Pricing
This pricing information is subject to change at the sole discretion of DS Pharmacy. This pricing information was updated 03/2011. Actual costs to patients will vary depending on the use of specific retail or mail-order locations and health insurance copays.
Alocril 2% Solution (ALLERGAN): 5/$99.83 or 15/$286.99
Disclaimer
This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.
The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com represent that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com make no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com do not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.
AHFS Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2011, Selected Revisions September 2005. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
References
1. Allergan, Inc. Alocril (nedocromil sodium) ophthalmic solution 2% prescribing information. Irvine, CA; 2000.
2. Allergan. A patient’s guide to the treatment of itchy allergy eyes. From Allergan website ().
3. Allergan, Inc. Alocril (nedocromil sodium) formulary information. Irvine, CA; 2000.
4. Blumenthal M, Casale T, Dockhorn R et al. Efficacy and safety of nedocromil sodium ophthalmic solution in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992; 113:56-63. [IDIS 289823] [PubMed 1309410]
5. Blumenthal MN, Schwartz RH, Kaiser H. Nedocromil sodium 2% ophthalmic solution for the treatment of ragweed pollen seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2000; 8:159-67. [PubMed 11120577]
6. Melamed J, Schwartz RH, Hirsch SR et al. Evaluation of nedocromil sodium 2% ophthalmic solution for the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Ann Allergy. 1994; 73:57-66. [IDIS 333818] [PubMed 8030804]
7. Moller C, Berg IM, Berg T et al. Nedocromil sodium 2% eye drops for twice-daily treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: a Swedish multicentre placebo-controlled study in children allergic to birch pollen. Clin Exp Allergy. 1994; 24:884-7. [PubMed 7812890]
8. Alexander M, Rosen LJ, Yang WH. Comparison of topical nedocromil sodium and oral terfenadine for the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Clin Ther. 1999; 21:1900-7. [IDIS 440862] [PubMed 10890262]
9. Ciprandi G, Buscaglia S, Cerqueti PM et al. Drug treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: a review of the evidence. Drugs. 1992; 43:154-76. [IDIS 360840] [PubMed 1372215]
10. Morrow GL, Abbott RL. Conjunctivitis. Am Fam Physician. 1998; 57:735-46. [IDIS 418448] [PubMed 9490996]
11. Titi MJ. A critical look at ocular allergy drugs. Am Fam Physician. 1996; 53:2637-42. [IDIS 367250] [PubMed 8644576]
12. Galindez OA, Kaufman HE. Coping with the itchy-burnies: the management of allergic conjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. 1996; 103:1335-6. [IDIS 373485] [PubMed 8841290]
a. Allergan Inc; Irvine, CA: Personal communication.
More Alocril eent resources
- Alocril eent Side Effects (in more detail)
- Alocril eent Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Alocril eent Support Group
- 1 Review for Alocril eent - Add your own review/rating
Compare Alocril eent with other medications
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic
No comments:
Post a Comment